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Jegan nathan Said on 20:37:46. sand 4m 3 . ordinary soil 3m 3. hard soil 2m 3. rock soil 1m 3
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Earthwork in different kinds of soil as ordinary soil, hard soil, ordinary rock, hard rock, etc., shall be classified separately and measured under separate item. Excavation shall include throwing of the excavated earth at least one meter clear of the edge of excavation.
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Chapter 4 Soil and Rock Classification and Logging 4 .1 Overview The detailed description and classification of soil and rock are an essential part of the geologic interpretation process and the geotechnical information developed to support design and construction. The description and classification of soil and rock includes consideration of ...
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trench collapse and these need to be considered as part of the pre-construction survey. Typical causes of trench collapse include: Failure to install shoring / ground support. Mechanical failure of soil (inability to support its own weight). Breakdown of soil strength due to …
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In archaeology, excavation is the exposure, processing and recording of archaeological remains. An excavation site or "dig" is the area being studied. These locations range from one to several areas at a time during a project and can be conducted over a few weeks to several years. Excavation involves the recovery of several types of data from a ...
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2 Embankment:- Excavation in ordinary soil/ mixed soil i.e clay mixed with moorum, kankar,pebbles/silt dry or moist/slushy silt/sticky soil for WDS/WHS/Reservoir /SFMIS etc with hydraulic excavater of required bucket capacity including cutting and loading in tippers trimming bottom and side slopes in accordance with requirement of lines, grades and cross section and transporting to …
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Earthwork in different kinds of soil as ordinary soil, hard soil, ordinary rock, hard rock, etc., shall be classified separately and measured under separate item. Excavation shall include throwing of the excavated earth at least one meter clear of the edge of excavation.
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4.6 Excavation in ordinary soil means excavation in ordinary hard soil including stiff heavy clay, hard shale, or compact murum, or any material, which can be removed Read more Mesh type earthing as per earthing philosophy at 66kv ...
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Earth excavation and grading can be a fascinating part of a construction project. The powerful heavy equipment, used to best advantage by a skilled operator, is a joy to behold. The scope of the excavation job varies from digging footings for a small building to moving millions of cubic yards of earth.
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An exception is hard rock, which remains firm after exposure to the elements. Soil failure is defined as the collapse of part or all of an excavation wall. The most common soil failure is typically described as an unexpected settlement, or cave-in, of an excavation. Soil sliding is the most common factor leading to soil …
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Ordinary rocks. It is a rock which can be excavated (dug) by splitting with Crowbars or Pick axe, Wedging or similar means of excavation not requiring blasting. Examples are Limestone, Sand stone, Hard Laterite, hard Conglomerate and un-reinforced Cement Concrete below ground level. Light blasting may be done for loosening the materials. Hard rock
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Further Sadbhav Engineering Limited (SEL) was awarded the contract for such construction as principal contractor. That SEL awarded the sub-contract for the work of Earth Works including Roadway-Clearing and Grubbing, Excavation in Soil, Hard Rock, Embankment and Subgrade etc within chainage Km 234+000 to Km 239+000 to M/s Potaliya Enterprises.
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Excavation Classification The materials to be excavated shall be classified as follows unless otherwise specified. Earthwork & Excavation3 4. Earthwork & Excavation4 a) Soft / Loose Soil b) Hard/Dense Soil c) Mud d) Soft/Disintegrated Rock ( Not Requiring Blasting ) e) Hard Rock( Requiring Blasting ) f) Hard Rock( Blasting Prohibited) 5.
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during construction. Soil testing required. 3. Use a slope or benching configuration designed by a Registered Professional Engineer. A copy of the design data is required to be at the job site during construction. Soil testing required. 4.
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Excavation in earthwork for hard soil/ hard rock for a lead distance of 1km for following depths: a) Up to 1.5m b) 1.5m to 3m c) 3m to 4.5m In the above examples of excavation, more number of descriptions are possible with different lead distance and type of soil. During tendering of civil engineering works, all the possible combinations are ...
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Excavation. Foundation trenches shall be dug out to the exact width of foundation concrete. Sides of foundation shall be vertical. If the soil is not good and does not permit vertical sides, the sides should be sloped back or protected with timber shoring. Excavated earth shall not be placed within 1 meter (3 feet) of the edge of the trench.
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Answer (1 of 4): Excavating a cubic meter of dirt for a footing by hand is a serious job. For ordinary soil, that is, soil that isn't packed hard or full of roots, rocks, or other debris, the 3 to 4 thousand pounds of soil can be removed by a single worker in a few hours. There isn't an exact way...
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All the Productivity Rates are for working 8 hours/day Description Qty Rate Resource Earth Works Excavation work in soft soil 120 m3/day Excavator (bucket type) Excavation Work in Hard Soil 50 m3/day Rock breaker In layer of 150 mm thickness 1 Skilled, 4 Unskilled, Back Filling + Compaction 150 m2/day with 95% MDD value 1 shovel,1 Roller compactor Concrete Protection Works Bitumen Priming ...
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a) Ordinary soils These includes all kinds of soils containing kankar, sand, silt, hard and soft murrum and/or shingle, gravel, clay, loam, peat, ash, shale, etc., which can generally be excavated by spade, pick axes and shovel, and which is not classified under "soft and decomposed" and "hard …
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For Type B soil the trench excavation is permitted in cohesive soil only. Excavations Made In Type B Soil Determination of Soil Type OSHA categorizes soil and rock deposits into four types, as follows: Stable Rock Is natural solid mineral matter that can be excavated with …
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soil in which the excavation is to be made, their properties, and expected behavior. The lateral earth pressure exerted on a shoring system depends on the soil type, its density or consistency, and other factors such as external loads, the type of retaining system used, and the construction procedure.
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Excavation Excavation in Ordinary Soil 500.000 cu.mt 130.13 65064.00 2. PCC M10 P.C.C. 1:3:6 in foundation / leveling course 40.000 cu.mt 3204.09 128160.00 3. RCC M20 Rcc M20 (1:1.5:3) concrete in Ordinary Works 200.000 cu.mt 4436.00 887200.00 4. Masonry MBK/ VOL-1 …
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The dragline excavator is a larger excavator that operates with a different process. The equipment utilizes a hoist rope system that attaches to a bucket via a hoist coupler. The other side of the bucket is affixed to a dragline that runs from the bucket to the cab. The hoist rope raises and lowers the bucket, while the dragline pulls the ...
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This is the free online excavation calculator, intended to define and estimate the planned volume of the earthwork of the construction pit carried out for the foundation of a house or another building, French drain of a villa, trench needed to establish the sewage system of a house, swimming pool, reservoir, for water supply piping and other.
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to be measured from the centre of gravity of excavation to centre of gravity of spoil heap: the lift to be measured from natural ground level and paid for in layers of 1.5m each, including incidental work, as per specifications-in 011011 All kinds of soils cum 87.81 011012 Ordinary …
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Types of excavation: In engineering and construction, excavation consists of using tools, equipment, or explosives for the purposes of moving soil, rocks, or other materials. Excavation is undertaken for a number of purposes, and different types of excavation are classified either by their specific purpose or the type of material being excavated.
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Earthwork in an excavation in ordinary Soil in Hard Soil in Muroom in Rock : Cu. m. 2 Surfacing Dressing : Sq. m. 3 Filling in plinth and Foundation : Cu. m. 4 Exaction for Pipe, cable, etc. m C. Units of Measurement for Brick Masonry / Stone Masonry: Sr. No. Details of Material/ item:
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SN 1 2 Nature of Labour Tradesman Labourer Cost /hour (Omani Riyals) OR 2.30 OR 1.60 Table -2 Multipliers for difficulty of machine excavation due to nature of ground. Soil type Vegetable soil, sand, ordinary soil Heavy clary Soft rock Hard rock Multiplier ( x output per hour/m) 1.00 1.33 2.00 5.00 To clear sides Total Table -3 Hours to ...
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me&s. Where ordinary rock and soil is mixed, the measurement of the excavation shall be recor- ded for the entire excavation. Excavated material of ordinary rock shall be stacked, separately measured and reduced by 50 percent to allow for voids to arrive at quantity payable under ordinary rock.
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You really have to try hard to make an indentation in Type A soil. You thumb will sink up to about the end of your thumbnail if it's Type B. If your thumb sinks all the way into the soil sample, it's Type C. Type A Soil. Type A soil has a compressive strength of at least 1.5 tons per square foot.
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• Excavation up to 1.5 m depth below ground level and depositing excavated material on the ground shall be included in the item of earthwork for various kinds of soil. • The extra lift shall be measured in a unit of 1.5 m or part thereof .
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When we talk about earthwork, it involves excavation in . All types of ordinary and hard soils; In Soft and decomposed rock; In hard rock (mechanical means / with controlled blasting) In hard rock (with wedging & chiseling) With respect to different soil conditions, the rates varies too.
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